Φίλιπποι

Φίλιπποι, ων, οἱ (s. prec. entry; Diod S 16, 3, 8; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 105 §438; Strabo 7 Fgm. 34; 41; 43; Jos., Bell. 1, 242, Ant. 14, 301; 310f; ins) Philippi, a city in Macedonia, founded on the site of the older Κρηνῖδες by Philip of Macedonia (Diod S 16, 8, 6). Under Roman rule fr. about 167 B.C.. In Ac 16:12 Ph. is called πρώτης τῆς μερίδος Μακεδονίας πόλις, κολωνία (s. μερίς 1). (On the history of Philippi: PCollart, Philippes, ville de Macédoine ’37; LBormann, Philippi [NovT Suppl 78] ’95; Pauly-W. XIX 2206–44; PLemerle, Philippes et la Macédoine orientale á l’ époque Chretienne et Byzantine ’45; Kl. Pauly IV, 742f; BHHW III 1453; PECS 704f). Here Paul founded the first congregation on European soil 16:12ff; cp. 1 Th 2:2. Ac also mentions Philippi 20:6, where Paul touched at the city on his last journey to Jerusalem. ἐγράφη ἀπὸ Φ. (τῆς Μακεδονίας v.l.) 1 and 2 Cor subscr. The author of AcPl Ha traces Paul’s trip from Philippi to Corinth, where the apostle tells of his compulsory labor in Philippi AcPl Ha 6, 1–5. As a prisoner the apostle sent a letter to the Christians at Phil.: Phil 1:1 (among the treatments of the circumstances under which this letter was written, esp. the place of its writing: PFeine, Die Abfassung des Philipper-briefes in Ephesus 1916; ADeissmann, Zur ephesin. Gefangenschaft des Ap. Pls: Anatolian Studies for Ramsay 1923, 121–27; WMichaelis, D. Datierung des Phil ’33; Dibelius, Hdb. exc. on Phil, end; GDuncan, St. Paul’s Ephesian Ministry 1930; JSchmid, Zeit u. Ort. d. paulin. Gefangenschaftsbriefe ’31; TManson, BJRL 23, ’39, 182–200; ELohmeyer, Phil 1930, 3; 41, 5; 43, 3; 47).—The name of the city also occurs in the letter of Polycarp to the congregation/church at Philippi (on this PHarrison, Polycarp’s Two Epistles to the Philippians ’36 [p. 337–51 lit.]; WKümmel, Einltg.²⁰ ’80, 280–329; 501 [lit. and comm.]; ABD V 318–26), Pol ins.—S. also ESchweizer, Der 2 Th ein Phil.-brief: TZ 1, ’45, 90–105.—DELG s.v. ἵππος. M-M.